Lupus is an autoimmune disorder that is mainly characterized by inflammation and a malfunctioning immune system.   The health condition can cause symptoms like joint pain, skin rashes, light sensitivity, fatigue, kidney issues, and more. While there is no direct cure for lupus, individuals can manage their symptoms, thereby improving their quality of life through certain treatments and lifestyle choices, including food habits. Here are some types of foods that are known to aggravate or soothe the symptoms of lupus.

What is lupus?
Lupus is a chronic condition where one’s immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy tissues in the body. This abnormal immune response can damage various organs and systems. It persists over time, and its symptoms can range from mild to severe, with periods of remission and flare-ups. Lupus is also a systemic disease, which means it can affect multiple organs and is not localized. It’s vital for individuals with lupus to have sound nutritional practices in place to preserve their overall health and lower the risk of further damage to the organs.

Foods to eat for lupus
Here are certain foods that lupus patients may eat:

• Green leafy vegetables
  Green leafy vegetables such as spinach, collard greens, kale, broccoli, cabbage, and arugula are rich in antioxidants like vitamins A, C, and K, as well as minerals like calcium and iron. They can help reduce inflammation, support bone health, and provide essential nutrients vital for lupus patients.
• Whole grains
  One is advised to opt for whole grains like quinoa, brown rice, oats, and whole wheat products. Whole grains have high amounts of complex carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They provide sustained energy, aid in digestion, and promote heart health by lowering cholesterol levels, which can indirectly keep lupus in check.
• Olive oil
  Olive oil in cooking or salad dressing can be beneficial since it contains monounsaturated fats and polyphenols. These healthy fats have anti-inflammatory properties, and they reduce oxidative stress in the body.
• Avocados and olives
  These food items are also rich sources of healthy fats, including monounsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids. These fats are known for their anti-inflammatory effects and their role in supporting cardiovascular health. Additionally, avocados provide fiber, potassium, and a range of vitamins, which can benefit lupus patients.
• Oily fish
  Fatty fish like mackerel, salmon, sardines, and trout are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D. They have potent anti-inflammatory properties and support bone health. Oily fish can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with lupus.
• Fruits
  Fruits, including berries, citrus fruits, apples, and bananas, are loaded with essential minerals, antioxidants, and vitamins that bolster the immune system, promote skin health, and reduce inflammation. They also provide natural sweetness and fiber, aiding in digestion and blood sugar management.
• Nuts and seeds
  Eating some nuts and seeds like almonds, walnuts, flax seeds, and pistachios can provide a much-needed nutritious boost to affected individuals. These are a great source of healthy fats, omega-3 fatty acids, protein, fiber, and an array of vitamins and minerals. They provide sustained energy and support cardiovascular health.
• Beans and legumes
  Black beans, kidney beans, lentils, and legumes are packed with plant-based protein. They also contain fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants and promote stable blood sugar levels.
• Calcium-rich foods
  Lupus is known to compromise one’s bone health, so it’s important to have adequate vitamin D and calcium intake for strong bones. Certain foods rich in calcium and vitamin D include fortified plant-based milk, mushrooms, tofu, beans, yogurt, fish, and leafy greens. Milk and milk products also have high calcium content, but not everyone may be able to digest them. So, those intolerant to lactose can seek plant-based alternatives.

Foods to avoid for lupus
Food choices can influence the severity of one’s symptoms. Therefore, affected patients must be aware of which foods trigger lupus.

• Alfalfa
  Although alfalfa sprouts are rich in nutrients, they contain an amino acid called L-canavanine, which stimulates the immune system and potentially worsens lupus symptoms, especially inflammation.
• Garlic
  This kitchen staple is known for its immune-boosting properties, as it can help activate white blood cells. This immune boost is considered to be beneficial for fighting cold, flu and suppressing cancerous cells. But lupus individuals already have an overactive immune system, so this food item could potentially exacerbate lupus symptoms.
• Red meat
  Red meat, high in saturated fat, can lead to inflammation in the body. It’s advisable for individuals with lupus to limit their intake of red meat. Also, individuals with lupus face a significantly elevated risk of experiencing a heart attack, approximately 50 times higher than the general population. Since red meat is known to be associated with an increased risk of heart disease, it’s best to avoid the same.
• Excessive salt
  High-sodium foods like processed meats and canned soups can contribute to fluid retention and increased blood pressure, both of which can worsen symptoms for those with lupus. Condiments like soy sauce, ketchup, and salad dressings are also high in sodium and should be consumed sparingly by individuals with lupus.
• Processed foods
  Highly processed foods, which encompasses deep-fried fast foods, often contain artificial additives, preservatives, and unhealthy trans fats, which can contribute to inflammation and cause lupus flares.
• Sugar-sweetened beverages
  Sugary drinks like soda, fruit juices with added sugars, and energy drinks can lead to blood sugar spikes and inflammation. They should be avoided in favor of water, herbal teas, or unsweetened beverages.
• White bread and white rice
  These foods have a high glycemic index that can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels and potentially aggravate inflammation.

One should remember that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to managing lupus through food choices. Making informed food choices and consulting with a healthcare professional for a personalized food plan tailored to individual needs and symptoms can make a positive impact on one’s overall health and symptom management.