Neurofibromatosis is a genetic condition that is marked by tumors that grow on the nerve tissue. It is usually diagnosed in childhood or early adulthood. The tumors, known as neurofibromas, that are caused due to neurofibromatosis can form on any part of the nervous system. These tumors can sometimes turn cancerous. Neurofibromatosis can cause a range of complications, including hearing loss, bone abnormalities, trouble with vision, severe pain, and even cardiovascular issues.

Symptoms

There are two major types of neurofibromatosis, each having its own signs and symptoms.

• Neurofibromatosis type 1
  Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) usually manifests in childhood or during birth. Individuals experience flat, light brown spots, tiny bumps on the iris of the eye, and even bone deformities. In severe cases, tumors can develop anywhere in the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
• Neurofibromatosis type 2
  Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF 2) can occur during childhood or early adulthood. It is characterized by slow-growing, benign tumors. It can result in vestibular schwannomas, leading to gradual loss of hearing and poor balance, accompanied by headaches.

Treatment

There is no way to completely eradicate or cure the disease. Typically, individuals undergo surgery to get the growths removed and eliminate further damage to the nervous system. By far and large, the treatment involves tackling the symptoms individually. Here are a the treatment options for the condition based on some complications that it may lead to:

• Hypertension
  One of the most common symptoms of neurofibromatosis, hypertension can be treated with the help of a wide range of medications and lifestyle changes.

• Scoliosis
  Scoliosis is a condition that is characterized by the curvature of the spine. It can be treated with the help of surgery and back braces.

• Acoustic neuroma
  An acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor that grows on the nerves that connect the inner ear to the brain. These tumors press against the nerves and often damage the individual’s hearing capabilities. Surgery can be helpful in getting rid of the tumors, but it may not be able to restore the hearing capabilities of the individual. This is why they may have to opt for an auditory brainstem implant that helps with hearing loss.
• Neurofibromas
  Tumors are a consistent and tell-tale sign of neurofibromatosis. Most tumors are typically benign, but since they form on the nerves and other parts of the nervous system, they can have an impact on multiple parts of the body, including the brain. Numbness and infections are two of the many complications that can arise from this condition. Neurofibromas are typically removed with surgery.

Note that this is not an exhaustive list of symptoms and complications. One needs to get regular check-ups done, in order to get the right treatment at the right time.